🌙یومِ وفات ۔۔۔۔۔۔ 22 فروری ۔۔۔۔۔۔ 1958ءامامُ الہند حضرت مولانا ابُوالکلام آزاد صاحبنوّر اللہ مرقدہ ۔مُحمّد طاھر غفرلہ قاسمی دھلویآپ ہندوستان اور کانگریس کے مایہ ناز لیڈر ، الہلال ، البلاغ ، الندوہ ، المصباح ، احسن الاخبار ، پیغام ، دارالسّلطنت اور لسان صدق کے ایڈیٹر ، اپنے وقت کے مفسّر ، مؤرخ ، مُحقّق ، مُجاھد اور جنگِ آزادی کے علم بردار تھے ۔ولادت :آپ کی ولادت ذِی الحِجّہ 1305ھ مطابق 17 اگست 1888ء کو مکّہ مُکرّمہ میں ہوئی ۔ آپ کا نام مُحی الدّین احمد ہے ، ویسے ابوالکلام کے نام سے مشھور و معروف ہیں ۔ آپ کے والد ماجد کا نام حضرت مولانا خیرالدینؒ تھا ، آپ کے والد نے آپ کا تاریخی نام فیروز بخت رکھا تھا ۔ 1898ء میں جب آپ کی عمر دس سال تھی آپ اپنے والد ماجد کے ہمراہ ہندوستان آئے ۔ آپ کے والد ماجد حضرت مولانا خیرالدینؒ نے مکّہ مُکرّمہ میں اس قدر نام کمایا تھا کہ وہ حرم شریف میں وعظ کہنے لگے تھے ، ان سے پہلے کسی ہندوستانی کو یہ اعزاز نصیب نہیں ہوا تھا ان کے علم و فضل سے متأثر ہوکر مدینہ منوّرہ کے مشھور مفتی شیخ احمد ظاھر وتریؒ نے اپنی بھانجی عالیہ کی شادی مولانا خیرالدینؒ کے ساتھ کردی ، اس طرح مولانا آزادؒ کے خاندان میں عرب اور ہندوستان کے ممتاز خاندانوں کی شاقیں جمع ہوگئیں ۔تعلیم و تربیت :1892ء میں آپ کی رسمِ بسم اللہ ادا کی گئی اور 1903ء میں آپ نے درسِ نظامی سے فراغت حاصل کی ۔ آپ نے کسی مدرسہ یا کالج میں نہیں پڑھا ، بلکہ آپ کی مکمل تعلیم گھر ہی پر ہوئی ۔ آپ کا گھرانہ کئی پشتوں سے عُلماء و صُلحاء کا گھرانہ شمار ہوتا تھا ۔ اسی گھرانہ میں آپ کی پرورش اور نشوونما ہوئی ۔آپ میدان صحافت میں :آپ نے دورانِ تعلیم ہی سے اخبار و جرائد نکالنے شروع کردئیے تھے ، چنانچہ 1899ء میں گیارہ سال کی عمر میں کلکتہ سے ماہنامہ " نیرنگ خیال " جاری کیا ، اسی طرح 1901ء میں ہفتہ وار " المصباح " جاری کیا ۔ اور 1902ء میں ہفتہ وار " احسن الاخبار " جاری فرمایا ۔ اسی طرح " لسان الصّدق ، الندوہ ، وکیل ، دارالسّلطنت ، الہلال ، البلاغ ، پیغام " وغیرہ جاری کیا ۔ ان میں سب سے زیادہ جس سے آپ کو شھرت ملی وہ " الہلال " ہے ۔ جو 13 جولائی 1912ء میں شائع ہوا ۔ جس کی دھوم پورے بنگال میں مچ گئی ، لوگ صبح سے ہی اخبار کے انتظار میں کھڑے رہتے تھے ۔ آخر انگریزوں نے 1914ء میں اس اخبار پر پابندی عائد کردی اور انہوں نے 18 نومبر 1914ء میں اس کی ضمانت بھی ضبط کرلی ۔ اس کے بعد آپ نے " البلاغ " اخبار جاری کیا ، جن میں ہندو مسلم بھائی چارگی کا جوش پیدا کردیا گیا ، مگر انگریزوں کی آنکھ میں وہ بھی چبھنے لگا اور انہوں نے اس اخبار پر بھی پابندی عائد کردی ۔ الغرض آپ بہت سے اخبارات کے ایڈیٹر رہے ۔اتنی کم عمر میں اتنی بڑی کامیابی قدرت کی دین ہے ۔آپ کی شادی :آپ کی شادی بارہ سال کی عمر میں نو سال کی لڑکی زلیخا بیگمؒ سے ہوئی ، وہ اپنے شوھر کی خدمت کرنے میں ہی اپنا وقار سمجھتی تھی ، اور بڑی مہمان نواز تھی ، جب آپ لکھتے تھے تب آپ کو پنکھا کیا کرتی تھی ۔ 8 اگست 1942ء گوالیار ٹینک بمبئی میں جب " بھارت چھوڑو تحریک " چلائی گئی تب مولانا آزادؒ گرفتار کرلئے گئے تھے ، پنڈت نہرو اور مولانا آزادؒ کو احمد نگر جیل میں رکھا گیا تھا ، اس وقت زلیخا سخت بیمار پڑگئی ، کیونکہ انگریزوں کے خلاف پورے ملک میں بغاوت چل رہی تھی ، انگریز جیل میں ہندوستانیوں کو کافی تکلیف دے رہے ہیں ، زلیخا اور بھی ڈر رہی تھی ، آخر ان کو ٹی بی کی بیماری لگ گئی ، وہ ہر سانس میں مولانا سے ملنے اور آپ کی خیریت معلوم کرنا چاہتی تھی ۔ڈاکٹر بی سی رائے اور دوسرے ڈاکٹر ان کا علاج کررہے تھے ۔ 3 اپریل 1943ء کو ڈاکٹر بی سی رائے جب انہیں دیکھنے گئے تو بس یہی کہا کہ خدا کے لئے مولانا کو دکھادو ، نہ تو وقت پر انہیں دوا ملتی تھی اور نہ کھانا ، آخر تڑپتے تڑپتے زلیخا 49 سال کی عمر میں 9 اپریل 1943ء میں اس دنیا سے چل بسیں ۔ جب جنازہ میں شامل ہونے کے لئے مولانا آزادؒ کی رہائی کے واسطے ایک تار جیل کے افسر کو ملا ۔مولانا لکھتے ہیں جس دن تار ملا اس کے دوسرے دن سپرنٹنڈنٹ میرے پاس آیا اور کہنے لگا اگر تم اس بارے میں حکومت سے کچھ کہنا چاہو تو میں اسے فورا بمبئی بھیج دوں گا ، وہ صورت حال سے بہت متأثر تھا اور اپنی ہمدردی کا یقین دلانا چاہتا تھا ، لیکن میں نے اسے صاف صاف کہدیا کہ میں حکومت سے کوئی درخواست کرنا نہیں چاہتا ہوں ، وہ پھر جواہر لال نہرو کے پاس گیا اور ان سے اس بارے میں گفتگو کی وہ سہ پہر میرے پاس آئے اور بہت دیر تک اس بارے میں مجھ سے گفتگو کرتے رہے ، لیکن میں نے ان سے بھی وہی بات کہی جو سپرنٹنڈنٹ سے کہی تھی ، بعد میں معلوم ہوا کہ سپرنٹنڈنٹ نے یہ بات حکومت بمبئی کے ایماں پر ہی کہی تھی ، مگر پھر بھی آپ ( مولانا ) کو رہائی نصیب نہیں ہوئی ، آخر ہزاروں ہندوستانیوں نے نم آنکھوں سے آنسو ٹپکاتے ہوئے زلیخا بیگمؒ کے جنازہ کی نماز ادا کی ، اور دوسرے مذاھب کے لوگوں نے انہیں آنسوؤں سے خراج عقیدت پیش کیا ، جب آپ 3 سال کے بعد یعنی 15 جون 1945ء میں جیل سے رہا ہوئے تو ہاوڑا ریلوے اسٹیشن پر ہزاروں لوگوں کی بھیڑ جمع ہوگئی ، آپ جیل سے رہا ہوکر سیدھے قبرستان کی طرف چلے ، سارا ہجوم آپ کے ساتھ چل رہا تھا ، زلیخا بیگمؒ کی قبر پر گئے ، فاتحہ پڑھی اور چند آنسووں کے موتی برسائے ، آپ کے ساتھ ہزاروں لوگوں کی آنکھیں بھیگ رہی تھیں ، زلیخا بیگمؒ کی یہ قربانی ہندوستان میں ہمیشہ یاد رکھی جائے گی ۔آپ کا سیاسی و علمی کارنامہ :آپ پہلی مرتبہ 34 سال کی عمر میں یعنی 1934ء میں دہلی کے ایک اجلاس میں کانگریس کے صدر چن لئے گئے اور ایک سال تک اس عہدہ پر فائز رہے ۔ دوسری مرتبہ آپ دوسری جنگ عظیم کے وقت 1939ء میں رام گڑھ میں کانگریس کے اجلاس میں صدر منتخب ہوئے اور سات سال 1939ء سے لیکر 1946ء تک " آل انڈیا کانگریس " کے صدر کے عہدہ پر رہ کر آزادی کی حاصل کرنے کی قیادت کرتے رہے ، دوسری جنگ عظیم کا دور بھی آپ کی رہنمائی میں گزرا ۔ جنگ ختم ہونے کے بعد 1946ء تک آپ نے کانگریس کی صدارت کی ۔ دوسری دفعہ کانگریس کی صدارت کرتے ہوئے رام گڑھ کے اجلاس میں آپ نے کہا تھا کہ " میں فخر کے ساتھ محسوس کرتا ہوں کہ میں ہندوستانی ہوں ، میں ہندوستان کی ایک ناقابل تقسیم متحدہ قومیت کا ایک عنصر ہوں ، جس کے بغیر اس کی عظمت کا ہیکل ادھورا رہ جاتا ہے ، میں اس کی بناوٹ کا ایک ناگریز جزو ہوں ، میں اپنے اس دعوے سے کبھی دستبردار نہیں ہوسکتا ۔اس کے بعد آپ نے خود اپنی صدارت کو پنڈت جواہر لال نہرو کو سونپ دی ۔ اور 15 اگست 1947ء کو ہندوستان آزاد ہوگیا ۔ سردار پٹیل نے کانگریس کی طرف سے کہا تھا کہ مولانا آزادؒ کے علاوہ کسی کو بھی یہ اعزاز نصیب نہیں ہوا ہے کہ جو لگاتار سات سال تک کانگریس کا صدر رہا ہو ۔ کانگریس میں آپ کے مشوروں کی بڑی اہمیت تھی ۔آپ نے مصر کی جامعۃ الازہر یونیورسٹی سے عربی ، فارسی ، انگریزی اور فرینچ پڑھی تھی ۔ آپ نے ایک رسالہ " لسان الصدق " 30 نومبر 1903ء میں جاری کیا ، جو عزت و احترام کی نگاہ سے دیکھا گیا ، آپ نے لکھا ہے کہ مولانا حالی کو جب یہ معلوم ہوا کہ " لسان الصدق " کا ایڈیٹر میں ہی ہوں تو انہیں بہت تعجب ہوا ۔آپ نے ملک کی آزادی کے لئے زبردست قربانیاں دیں ، بارہا قید و بند کی صعوبتوں کو برداشت کیا ، پوری زندگی انگریزی حکومت و اقتدار کے خلاف جہاد عظیم میں گزاری ۔1915ء میں جب آپ رانچی میں نظر بند کردئے گئے ، جمعہ کی نماز کے وقت مسجد میں آزادی کے پروانوں کی بھیڑ لگ جایا کرتی تھی ، کیوںکہ لوگ آپ کی تقریر سننے کے خواہش مند ہوتے تھے ، چونکہ آپ مسجد کے اندر منبر کے نزدیک کھڑے ہوکر تقریر کرتے تھے لہذا لوگ آپ کو دیکھ نہیں سکتے تھے ، اس لئے آپ کے حکم سے منبر کے نزدیک دیوار توڑ کر ایک کھڑکی لگائی گئی ، تاکہ غیر مسلم کھڑکی سے آپ کو دیکھ سکیں اور آپ کی تقریر سن سکیں ، اتنا جوش تھا آزادی کے متوالوں کا اور ان کی ایکتا کا ۔ 1922ء میں جب آپ پر بغاوت کا مقدمہ چلا تو آپ نے عدالت میں کہا تھا :" یقینا میں نے کہا ہے کہ موجودہ گورنمنٹ ظالم ہے اگر میں یہ نہ کہوں تو پھر کیا کہوں ، مجھ سے امید کی جاتی ہے کہ اس چیز کو اس کے اصلی نام سے نہ پکاروں ، میں کالے کو سفید کہنے سے انکار کرتا ہوں ، جب کہ میں اس گورنمنٹ کی برائی پر یقین رکھتا ہوں ، میں موجودہ حکومت کو جائز نہیں سمجھتا اور قوم کو اس سے چھٹکارا دلانا میرا پیدائشی اور ملکی فرض ہے " ۔مولانا آزادؒ کی پوری زندگی آزادی کے اوراق سے بھری پڑی ہے ۔ ملک کی آزادی کے بعد بارہ سال تک آپ ہندوستان کے وزیر تعلیم رہے ۔آپ نے علمی کارنامہ بھی انجام دیا ، چنانچہ آپ کے علمی کارناموں میں " ترجمان القرآن ، خطبات آزاد ، غبار خاطر وغیرہ آپ کے علمی ، تاریخی و ادبی شاہکار ہیں ۔سیاست کی ہنگامہ خیزیوں میں قرآن پاک کا ترجمہ اور تفسیر جیسا عظیم کام یقینا مشکل کام ہے ، پھر بھی آپ نے قرآن پاک کے ترجمہ کی پہلی جلد 1931ء میں تیار کی ، جس کا مقدمہ 16 ستمبر 1930ء کو ڈسڑکٹ جیل ، میرٹھ میں لکھا گیا ، دوسری جلد کا دیباچہ فروری 1945ء میں ضلع احمد نگر کے قید خانہ میں لکھا گیا ، جبکہ مقدمہ 1936ء میں موتی نگر کانگریس کیمپ لکھنو میں لکھا گیا تھا ۔*پہلی جلد " سورۃ فاتحہ " سے " سورۃ انعام " تک پر مشتمل ، جبکہ دوسری جلد " سورۃ اعراف " سے " سورۃ مومنوں " ( 18 واں پارہ ) تک پر مشتمل ہے ، تیسری جلد فرصت نہ ملنے سے مکمل نہ ہوسکی ۔آپ کے انتقال کے بعد مرکزی حکومت نے " ترجمان القرآن " کو بڑے اہتمام سے شائع کیا ، اور سابق وزیر اعظم ہند اٹل بہاری واجپائی صاحب کے دور میں اسے ہندی میں بھی بڑے اہتمام سے شائع کیا گیا ہے ۔بھارت رتن :23 جنوری 1992ء میں حکومت ہند نے امام الہند مولانا ابوالکلام آزادؒ کو ان کی بے لوث اور انتہائی گراں قدر قومی خدمات کے اعتراف میں بھارت رتن سے نوازا تھا ، اور جناب نورالدین نے بھارت رتن کا ( بعد از مرگ ) کا ایوارڈ مولانا کی طرف سے وصول کیا تھا ۔ آپ کی بہت قیمتی مسودات ، آپ کی غیر مطبوعہ تحریریں سراسٹیفورڈ کرپس ، مہاتما گاندھی ، جواہر لال نہرو ، لال بہادر شاستری وغیرہ کے خطوط ، مصر اور ترکی وغیرہ ملکوں کے حکمرانوں کے مکتوبات ، ترجمان القرآن کے غیر مطبوعہ حصے ، احسن الخیال ، المصباح ، نیرنگ عالم ، حدنگ نظر ، مرقع عالم ، تحفہ احمدیہ ، لسان الصدق ، الہلال اور البلاغ جیسے اہم رسائل اور نادر اشیاء ہیں ۔وفات :12 فروری 1958ء کو آل انڈیا ریڈیو نے خبر دی کی مولانا آزادؒ علیل ہوگئے ہیں ، اس رات کابینہ سے فارغ ہوکر غسل خانے میں گئے ، یکایک فالج نے حملہ کیا اور اس کا شکار ہوگئے ، پنڈت جواہر لال نہرو اور رادھا کرشنن فورا پہنچے ، مولانا بیہوشی کے عالم میں تھے ، ڈاکٹروں نے کہا کہ 48 گھنٹے گزرنے کے بعد وہ رائے دے سکیں گے کہ مولانا خطرے سے باہر ہیں یا خطرے میں ہیں ۔ادھر آل انڈیا ریڈیو نے بر اعظم میں تشویش پیدا کردی اور یہ تأثر عام ہوگیا کہ مولانا کی حالت خطرہ سے خالی نہیں ہے ، ہر کوئی ریڈیو پر کان لگائے بیٹھا اور مضطرب تھا ، مولانا کے بنگلہ میں ڈاکٹر راجندر پرشاد ( صدر جمہوریہ ہند ) ، پنڈت جواہر لال نہرو وزیر اعظم ہند ، مرکزی کابینہ کے ارکان ، بعض صوبائی وزرائے اعلٰی اور اکابر علماء کے علاوہ ہزارہا انسان جمع ہوگئے ، سبھی پریشان تھے ، 19 فروری کو موت کا خدشہ یقینی ہوگیا ۔کسی کے حواس قائم نہ تھے ، پنڈت جواہر لال نہرو رفقاء سمیت اشکبار چہرے سے پھررہے تھے ، ہر کوئی حزن و ملال کی تصویر تھا ، ہندوستان بھر کی مختلف شخصیات آچکی تھیں ۔جب شام ہوئی تو ہر امید ٹوٹ گئی ، عشاء کے وقت سے قرآن خوانی شروع ہوگئی ، حضرت مولانا حفظ الرحمن سیوہارویؒ ، حضرت مولانا محمد میاں دہلویؒ ، حضرت مولانا مفتی عتیق الرحمن عثمانیؒ وغیرہ اور مختلف علماء و حفاظ حضرات تلاوت کلام اللہ میں مشغول تھے ۔آخر ایک بجے شب سورۃ یٰسین کی تلاوت شروع ہوگئی اور بالآخر 1377ھ مطابق 22 فروری 1958ء کو رات سوا دو بجے شب ملک کا دلارا اور آزادی ہند کا یہ عظیم مجاہد ، امام الہند دار فانی سے دار بقاء کی طرف کوچ کرگیا ۔( انا للہ وانا الیہ راجعون )اس وقت بھی سیکڑوں لوگ اضطراب میں کھڑے تھے ، جیسے ہی مولانا کے انتقال کی خبر کا اعلان ہوا تمام سناٹا چیخ و پکار سے تھرا گیا ۔رحلت کا اعلان ہوتے ہی دن چڑھے تک تین چار لاکھ انسان کوٹھی کے باہر جمع ہوگئے ، پورے ہندوستان میں سرکاری و غیر سرکاری عمارتوں کے پرچم سَرنِگوں کردئیے گئے ، ملک کے بڑے بڑے شہروں میں لمبی ہڑتال ہوگئی ، دہلی میں ہُوکا عالَم تھا ، حتیٰ کہ بینکوں نے بھی چُھٹی کردی ، ایک ہی شخص تھا جس کے لئے ہر مذہب کی آنکھ میں آنسو تھے ، بالفاظ دیگر مولانا تاریخ انسانی کے تنہا مسلمان تھے ، جن کے ماتم میں کعبہ و بت خانہ ایک ساتھ ماتم کدہ تھے ۔پون بجے میّت اٹھائی گئی ، پہلا کندھا عرب ملکوں کے سفیروں نے دیا ، جب کلمۂ شھادت کی صداؤں میں جنازہ اُٹھا تو عربی سفراء کاندھا دیتے وقت پھوٹ پھوٹ کر رونے لگے ، جوں ہی جنازہ بنگلہ سے باہر توپ پر رکھا گیا تو کہرام مچ گیا، معلوم ہوتا تھا پورا ہندوستان رو رہا ہے ، مولانا کی بہن نے کوٹھی کی چھت سے کہا :"اچھا بھائی خدا حافظ "مولانا کے جسم پر کھدر کا کفن تھا ، میّت ہندوستان کے قومی پرچم میں لپٹی ہوئی تھی ، جس پر کشمیری شال پڑا تھا ، جنازہ کے پیچھے صدر جمہوریہ ہند ڈاکٹر راجندر پرشاد ، اور نائب صدر جمہوریہ ، کار میں بیٹھے تھے ، ان کے پیچھے پارلیمنٹ کے ارکان ، مختلف صوبوں کے وزراء اعلٰی ، گورنر اور غیر ملکی سفراء چلے آرہے تھے ۔ ہندوستانی فوج کے تینوں چیف آف سٹاف جنازے کے دائیں بائیں تھے ۔ تمام راستہ پھولوں کی موسلہ دھار بارش ہوتی رہی ، دریا گنج سے جامع مسجد تک تمام راستہ پھولوں سے اَٹ گیا ، قبر کے ایک طرف علماء و حفّاظ قرآن پاک پڑھ رہے تھے اور دوسری طرف اکابر علماء سر جھکائے کھڑے تھے ۔ یہاں سب سے پہلے بری فوج کے ایک ہزار جوانوں ، ہوائی جہاز کے تین سو جانباز اور بحری فوج کے پانچ سو جوانوں نے اپنے عسکری بانکپن کے ساتھ میّت کو آخری سلام کیا ۔ پریڈ گراؤنڈ میں محتاط سے محتاط اندازہ کے مطابق بھی پانچ لاکھ افراد جمع تھے ۔سحبان الہند حضرت مولانا احمد سعید دہلویؒ صدر جمعیۃ علماء ہند نے دو بجکر پچاس منٹ پر نماز جنازہ پڑھائی ۔ پھر مولانا احمد سعید دہلویؒ نے لحد میں اتارا ، کوئی تابوت نہ تھا ، ایک یادگار جسم سفید کفن میں لپٹا ہوا خاک کے حوالہ کردیا گیا ۔آپ کا مزار جامع مسجد دہلی کے سامنے اردو پارک میں ہے ۔اللہ تعالٰی آپ کی قبر پر کروڑوں رحمتیں نازل فرمائے ۔ آمین ۔( تحریک آزادی اور مسلمان ، ص : 282 ، ایوان اردو دہلی ، ابوالکلام آزاد نمبر 1988 ، تذکرہ اکابر ، ص : 155 ، علماء دیوبند کے آخری لمحات ، ص : 96 ، مسلمانوں کا شاندار ماضی ، ص : 361 )
MERCY TO GOD’S FAMILY : The Messenger of God, Prophet Mohammed, pbuh, said: ‘All creatures are God’s family; and God loves them most who treat His family well and kindly.’(Baihaqi: Anas) The Messenger of God, pbuh, said: ‘Only those who are merciful will be shown Mercy by the Most Merciful. Show mercy to those who are on earth, He who is in heaven will show mercy to you.’ (Abu Dawud, Tirmidhi; Abdullah ibn ‘Amr)
Saturday, February 23, 2019
Remembering Maulana Abul Kalam Azad
Friday, February 15, 2019
Tuesday, February 12, 2019
What was Shah Bano Case ?
A RELOOK AT THE SHAH BANO CASE LEST WE FORGET IT
By V.M. Khaleelur Rahman
The Supreme Court judgment, delivered on April 23, 1985, in the Shah Bano Begum case, created an unprecedented controversy in 1985 and 1986 in our country. Indian Muslims protested strongly, en masse, against it by holding rallies, meetings and processions throughout the country and expressing their views in the press. In spite of a detailed debate on this issue and passing of the historic "Muslim women (protection of rights on divorce) Act 1986", some politicians, writers and even people connected with the judiciary, mostly non-Muslims, continue to ask even today, why the Muslims opposed the Supreme Court judgment in the Shah Bano case and criticise them. Most of the people consider it as the handiwork of Muslim clerics.
I would like to place some well known facts here for reference as this judgment will continue to be referred to in the press, if not for anything, at least for the sake of denigrating the Muslim community here and so we must remember what actually happened in the case and thereafter.
Shah Bano was married to an advocate Mohammed Ahmed Khan with a maher of Rs.3000/- They had three sons and two daughters. It seems that they lived together for about 43 years, of course with incompatibilities. She was an uneducated woman. The Rs.3000 maher fixed (which may be equivalent to quite a large amount now) and other informations indicate that they hailed from middle class families. In 1975 Shah Bano was sent out of the house. It is not clear if she occupied the house again or lived in another house of her husband or in her own house as after the judgment when the controversy erupted, a Hindu lady tenant living in the house where Shah Bano lived complained to the police and some political leaders that she was harassed by Shah Bano and her son for paying rent to Ahmed Khan who was her Land Lord.
Shah Bano filed a petition in the judicial first class magistrate's Court at Indore under Section 125 of the Criminal Procedure Code for a maintenance of Rs.500/- per month. The pity is that under this over-adored or over-praised Section the maximum amount allowable for maintenance is only Rs.500/- The judicial proceedings were dragged on for long. Meanwhile Ahmed Khan divorced her on November 6, 1978.
Let the critics of the Muslim Personal Law note that after three years of the filing of the petition by Shah Bano, the Magistrate ordered Ahmed Khan under Section 125 Cr. P.C. to pay a monthly maintenance of a "princely sum" of Rs.25/- in 1979. Even a "panchayet" or some mediators would have done justice to her in a far more better manner. Then Shah Bano appealed to the Madhya Pradesh High Court and got it increased to Rs.179.20. Ahmed Khan approached the Supreme Court but this amount was upheld there with a judgment which hurt the feelings of the Muslim community.
Immediately after the Supreme Court judgment Maulana Asad Madani visited Tamil Nadu. A meeting was held in Vaniyambadi. He delivered his religious discourse in his inimitable style in sweet Urdu. He referred to the age-old relations of the Jamiat-ul-ulema-e-Hind and the Congress leaders, particularly during the freedom struggle of our country. He drew the attention of the people to the sacrifices made by eminent Ulema during the freedom fight and the support extended by them to Mahatma Gandhiji. It was a very inspiring speech in a highly nationalistic manner.
After the speech, an advocate of Madras High Court Mr. Mohammed Ghouse asked him what he thought of the Supreme Court judgment in the Shah Bano case. His reply was surprising to the audience there. He said that "Court kay faisalon say kya hota hai?" Wazeer-e-Azam Janab Rajiv Gandhi nay vada kya hai aur yaqeen dilaya hai ki woh Muslim Personal Law may mudakhilat naheen karayngay" ( What happens from Court judgments? Prime Minister Mr. Rajiv Gandhi has assured us that there will be no interference in the Muslim Personal Law) Then he proceeded on to other questions put to him by a few persons there.
The fact was that the then Rajya Sabha member Maulana Asad Madani and other ulema of his ilk were actually unaware of what had happened in the apex court. It was something different that he started opposing it after sometime in line with others,
It was not any Maulana or a religious leader who was responsible for the controversy, actually a right one which brought so many things before the people on the Shah Bano judgment. As far as I know, it was none other than Mr. A.G. Noorani who first came out with a thought provoking and well discussed article, published not in any religious periodical but in a popular women's fortnightly "Femina" under the caption "Excuse me, my Lords". He strongly criticized the manner in which the judgment was delivered, insulting Islam and re-interpreting Islamic laws without any necessity. He further opined that the judgment flouted the intent of the legislature, brushed aside the precedent and administered its gratuitous advice on a uniform civil code.
Indian Muslims are at least as human as any other religious people. All, whatever their religion or faith, are first human beings created in the same manner by God. No person on the basis of his colour, creed, nationality or any other such thing can be superior to any other person. The differences we see among the people are for the sake of identification only. The person who is dearer to God is the one whose character is good. This is what Islam teaches. How can all the Muslims together think of doing any injustice to anybody or approve any injustice?
The tone and tenor of the Supreme Court judgment irritated the Muslims most. It made them feel alien in their own country and directly and indirectly insulted their religion and national identity so much that they actually revolted against it. The minority Muslim community finding itself in a dilemma over the outbursts of remarks made by the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court Mr. Y.V. Chandrachud sought a suitable remedy by a democratic process. They did not indulge in any hooliganism in blatant violations of the rule of law or the Constitution as was done on December 6, 1992 when the historic Babri Masjid was "martyred" in the presence of the entire world in a brutal manner. They as law abiding citizens of this country knocked at the door of Parliament for justice. They were right and hence got justice in the manner they wanted.
Indian Muslims, no doubt, felt that the divorce of Shah Bano of Indore by her advocate husband in her old age was unfortunate as divorce, according to Prophet Mohammed (sal-am) was "permissible only as a last resort" and that "kingdom of God trembles when it is pronounced". In the holy Quran and traditions of the Prophet there are many guide-lines for this undesirable act. There are also no two opinions about the "triple divorce" on one sitting being a practice of the days of ignorance (ayyamul jahiliyya). The holy Quran has given in clear terms the method and a system for honourable separation of the couple if unfortunately it becomes inevitable.
Islamic scholars always preach about the undesirability of divorce. Perhaps because of their attempts divorce like polygamy is less prevalent among Muslims. But unfortunately it seems to be on the increase now. It is time for the community to gear up its preaching machinery and make people realise that compromises and adjustments are necessary for a happy married life.
There are different countries in the world, where people belonging to Christianity, Islam, Hinduism and other faiths live. The laws of every country differ from those of any other country, to whichever religion it may belong. The same laws are not in force even in those countries where religion is just the same one. It is just the question of how a religious group or people or any other group want them. It is actually a democratic and fundamental right of people who have laws of their choice. If anybody thinks that only a common civil code should be in force or be made applicable to all in a country like India where different religious people live in considerable numbers, it is a wrong notion, detrimental to national interests and also integrity. Things like Sati, child marriage, caste outrages, etc. are of course in a different category for which sanction cannot be given on religious or customary grounds. In the same way the dowry system among Muslims which is responsible for many evils should be discouraged in all possible ways.
If law alone can rectify the society and if there is any example of any people eradicating evils in any country only by enacting laws in a particular way, one can consider it. But the facts are different. Various laws, totally different in nature, have been helpful to the people in the world. Sometimes laws have been ineffective also as in our own country, the laws on matters like dowry, polygamy, family planning, etc. could not bring the desired results and are considered to be failures. One is not in a position to say with confidence what laws should be enacted in a multi-lingual, multi-racial and multi-religious country like India.
There is the dire necessity of giving every religious community a feeling of "at home" in our country, which is possible only by following the well chalked out philosophy of unity in diversity. Any attempt for "uniformity" in laws relating to personal affairs of different religious communities can be rightly considered as an attempt of interference in their personal laws and denial of the fundamental rights guaranteed in the Constitution. What is more important is national unity and integrity, and not necessarily the uniformity. Let the Indian garden be more beautiful with its colourful flowers of different attractive shades. Actually Indian strength is in its composite culture. That is why the great founding fathers of our Constitution have drafted it in a manner agreeable to all. If any changes are necessary in any personal law, they should come from within that community in accordance with its traditional and religious ethos.
The great pious Islamic scholars and highly respected personality Maulana Abul Hasan Ali Nadwai, the supremo of the Muslim Personal Law Board and other members of the Board were responsible for representing the Muslim community to the late Prime Minister Mr. Rajiv Gandhi and getting the Muslim Women (protection of rights on divorce) Act 1986 passed in Parliament.
When the Muslim Women Act was passed in Parliament, the Maulana made it clear that there should be no victory processions or any other such sort of jubilation.
Many legal experts including an unorthodox and liberal minded senior advocate of Madras High Court Mr. Habeebullah Badsha have appreciated the Act. Mr. Badsha says: "though the Supreme Court judgment was supposed to have been a boon for Muslim women, the majority of the Muslim women criticized it. As a result of this unexpected unity and sentiments of outrage expressed by Muslims, the Parliament passed the Muslim Women (protection of rights on divorce) Act. There was an uproar against this Act and the government was criticized for having yielded to the so called fundamentalists among the Muslims. Time has however proved that the Act has proved more beneficial to Muslim women than Section 125 of the Criminal Procedure Code, because Courts have been awarding heavy amounts of compensation to divorced Muslim women. This relief is not available under Section 125 of the Cr. P.C."
Tamil Nadu Muslims also joined the national mainstream in extending their support, not blindly but based on reason and rationality, to the Muslim Personal Law Board. Many meetings and seminars were held and great Islamic scholars and eminent legal experts like Dr. Tahir Mahmood were invited to address them.
The Tamil Nadu Muslim Graduates Association was in the forefront in ascertaining the Muslim points of view on the subject. A seminar organized by it on "The Rights of Muslim Women" was well attended and highly successful. The papers presented mostly by Muslim women in different walks of life highlighted the undeniable fact that Islam provides enough safe-guards for women.
Mrs. Muthahirunnisa was in the lime light. Not only she took part in various gatherings, but also brought out a book, of course, after sometime, on the importance of Islam.
When the Muslim delegation under the leadership of Maulana Nadwi sahib approached Mr. Rajiv Gandhi and apprised him of the feelings of the Indian Muslims who constitute at least 15% of the Indian population with a rich national and religious heritage, spread among different linguistic and cultural groups, contributing for the betterment of our country in every field of activity and expressed what actually had happened in the Supreme Court and what they wanted as a remedy, he was convinced, he was convinced because of his unbiased thinking capacity and promised to do justice to the Muslim community. He fulfilled his promised like an honest and forthright gentleman, which he definitely was.
We frequently come across remarks made by some people criticizing the Muslim Women's Act 1986 and asking why monthly maintenance is opposed by Muslims. One wonders how can a rational divorced woman demand or accept any "pittance" (maintenance) from her former husband who has already divorced her, particularly when one of the humiliating conditions for giving maintenance is that a divorcee who receives maintenance from her former husband is expected to go to bed with him if he so desires. This is something, to say the least, most undesirable and cannot be tolerated by any respectable woman. It is also against Islamic norms and perhaps against any other religious or social codes.
It is also note-worthy that Shah Bano appealed to the Supreme Court that the verdict be withdrawn because it amounted to interference in the Muslim personal law. There is also reason to believe that the "kanyadan" system of marriage among Hindus is responsible for the thinking that monthly maintenance should be given to the divorced woman by her former husband. In the Muslim society even after marriage a girl's relations with her parents and other relatives are not severed but remains intact as it was before her marriage.
Islam undoubtedly provides enough safe-guards for all including women who enjoy an exalted status in Islam. Only Islam has given an enviable social and dignified position and rights to women.
My question to all those who still harp on the importance of the Shah Bano judgment and consider the Muslim Women Act as a setback to Muslim women even though it has paid rich dividends is: What was it that Shah Bano got from Section 125 Cr. P.C. after a long legal battle of about 10 years and what is it that a Muslim divorcee cannot get under the provisions of the Muslim Women Act 1986?
We Muslims strongly believe that Islam is the solution for all ills of the society.
By V.M. Khaleelur Rahman
The Supreme Court judgment, delivered on April 23, 1985, in the Shah Bano Begum case, created an unprecedented controversy in 1985 and 1986 in our country. Indian Muslims protested strongly, en masse, against it by holding rallies, meetings and processions throughout the country and expressing their views in the press. In spite of a detailed debate on this issue and passing of the historic "Muslim women (protection of rights on divorce) Act 1986", some politicians, writers and even people connected with the judiciary, mostly non-Muslims, continue to ask even today, why the Muslims opposed the Supreme Court judgment in the Shah Bano case and criticise them. Most of the people consider it as the handiwork of Muslim clerics.
I would like to place some well known facts here for reference as this judgment will continue to be referred to in the press, if not for anything, at least for the sake of denigrating the Muslim community here and so we must remember what actually happened in the case and thereafter.
Shah Bano was married to an advocate Mohammed Ahmed Khan with a maher of Rs.3000/- They had three sons and two daughters. It seems that they lived together for about 43 years, of course with incompatibilities. She was an uneducated woman. The Rs.3000 maher fixed (which may be equivalent to quite a large amount now) and other informations indicate that they hailed from middle class families. In 1975 Shah Bano was sent out of the house. It is not clear if she occupied the house again or lived in another house of her husband or in her own house as after the judgment when the controversy erupted, a Hindu lady tenant living in the house where Shah Bano lived complained to the police and some political leaders that she was harassed by Shah Bano and her son for paying rent to Ahmed Khan who was her Land Lord.
Shah Bano filed a petition in the judicial first class magistrate's Court at Indore under Section 125 of the Criminal Procedure Code for a maintenance of Rs.500/- per month. The pity is that under this over-adored or over-praised Section the maximum amount allowable for maintenance is only Rs.500/- The judicial proceedings were dragged on for long. Meanwhile Ahmed Khan divorced her on November 6, 1978.
Let the critics of the Muslim Personal Law note that after three years of the filing of the petition by Shah Bano, the Magistrate ordered Ahmed Khan under Section 125 Cr. P.C. to pay a monthly maintenance of a "princely sum" of Rs.25/- in 1979. Even a "panchayet" or some mediators would have done justice to her in a far more better manner. Then Shah Bano appealed to the Madhya Pradesh High Court and got it increased to Rs.179.20. Ahmed Khan approached the Supreme Court but this amount was upheld there with a judgment which hurt the feelings of the Muslim community.
Immediately after the Supreme Court judgment Maulana Asad Madani visited Tamil Nadu. A meeting was held in Vaniyambadi. He delivered his religious discourse in his inimitable style in sweet Urdu. He referred to the age-old relations of the Jamiat-ul-ulema-e-Hind and the Congress leaders, particularly during the freedom struggle of our country. He drew the attention of the people to the sacrifices made by eminent Ulema during the freedom fight and the support extended by them to Mahatma Gandhiji. It was a very inspiring speech in a highly nationalistic manner.
After the speech, an advocate of Madras High Court Mr. Mohammed Ghouse asked him what he thought of the Supreme Court judgment in the Shah Bano case. His reply was surprising to the audience there. He said that "Court kay faisalon say kya hota hai?" Wazeer-e-Azam Janab Rajiv Gandhi nay vada kya hai aur yaqeen dilaya hai ki woh Muslim Personal Law may mudakhilat naheen karayngay" ( What happens from Court judgments? Prime Minister Mr. Rajiv Gandhi has assured us that there will be no interference in the Muslim Personal Law) Then he proceeded on to other questions put to him by a few persons there.
The fact was that the then Rajya Sabha member Maulana Asad Madani and other ulema of his ilk were actually unaware of what had happened in the apex court. It was something different that he started opposing it after sometime in line with others,
It was not any Maulana or a religious leader who was responsible for the controversy, actually a right one which brought so many things before the people on the Shah Bano judgment. As far as I know, it was none other than Mr. A.G. Noorani who first came out with a thought provoking and well discussed article, published not in any religious periodical but in a popular women's fortnightly "Femina" under the caption "Excuse me, my Lords". He strongly criticized the manner in which the judgment was delivered, insulting Islam and re-interpreting Islamic laws without any necessity. He further opined that the judgment flouted the intent of the legislature, brushed aside the precedent and administered its gratuitous advice on a uniform civil code.
Indian Muslims are at least as human as any other religious people. All, whatever their religion or faith, are first human beings created in the same manner by God. No person on the basis of his colour, creed, nationality or any other such thing can be superior to any other person. The differences we see among the people are for the sake of identification only. The person who is dearer to God is the one whose character is good. This is what Islam teaches. How can all the Muslims together think of doing any injustice to anybody or approve any injustice?
The tone and tenor of the Supreme Court judgment irritated the Muslims most. It made them feel alien in their own country and directly and indirectly insulted their religion and national identity so much that they actually revolted against it. The minority Muslim community finding itself in a dilemma over the outbursts of remarks made by the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court Mr. Y.V. Chandrachud sought a suitable remedy by a democratic process. They did not indulge in any hooliganism in blatant violations of the rule of law or the Constitution as was done on December 6, 1992 when the historic Babri Masjid was "martyred" in the presence of the entire world in a brutal manner. They as law abiding citizens of this country knocked at the door of Parliament for justice. They were right and hence got justice in the manner they wanted.
Indian Muslims, no doubt, felt that the divorce of Shah Bano of Indore by her advocate husband in her old age was unfortunate as divorce, according to Prophet Mohammed (sal-am) was "permissible only as a last resort" and that "kingdom of God trembles when it is pronounced". In the holy Quran and traditions of the Prophet there are many guide-lines for this undesirable act. There are also no two opinions about the "triple divorce" on one sitting being a practice of the days of ignorance (ayyamul jahiliyya). The holy Quran has given in clear terms the method and a system for honourable separation of the couple if unfortunately it becomes inevitable.
Islamic scholars always preach about the undesirability of divorce. Perhaps because of their attempts divorce like polygamy is less prevalent among Muslims. But unfortunately it seems to be on the increase now. It is time for the community to gear up its preaching machinery and make people realise that compromises and adjustments are necessary for a happy married life.
There are different countries in the world, where people belonging to Christianity, Islam, Hinduism and other faiths live. The laws of every country differ from those of any other country, to whichever religion it may belong. The same laws are not in force even in those countries where religion is just the same one. It is just the question of how a religious group or people or any other group want them. It is actually a democratic and fundamental right of people who have laws of their choice. If anybody thinks that only a common civil code should be in force or be made applicable to all in a country like India where different religious people live in considerable numbers, it is a wrong notion, detrimental to national interests and also integrity. Things like Sati, child marriage, caste outrages, etc. are of course in a different category for which sanction cannot be given on religious or customary grounds. In the same way the dowry system among Muslims which is responsible for many evils should be discouraged in all possible ways.
If law alone can rectify the society and if there is any example of any people eradicating evils in any country only by enacting laws in a particular way, one can consider it. But the facts are different. Various laws, totally different in nature, have been helpful to the people in the world. Sometimes laws have been ineffective also as in our own country, the laws on matters like dowry, polygamy, family planning, etc. could not bring the desired results and are considered to be failures. One is not in a position to say with confidence what laws should be enacted in a multi-lingual, multi-racial and multi-religious country like India.
There is the dire necessity of giving every religious community a feeling of "at home" in our country, which is possible only by following the well chalked out philosophy of unity in diversity. Any attempt for "uniformity" in laws relating to personal affairs of different religious communities can be rightly considered as an attempt of interference in their personal laws and denial of the fundamental rights guaranteed in the Constitution. What is more important is national unity and integrity, and not necessarily the uniformity. Let the Indian garden be more beautiful with its colourful flowers of different attractive shades. Actually Indian strength is in its composite culture. That is why the great founding fathers of our Constitution have drafted it in a manner agreeable to all. If any changes are necessary in any personal law, they should come from within that community in accordance with its traditional and religious ethos.
The great pious Islamic scholars and highly respected personality Maulana Abul Hasan Ali Nadwai, the supremo of the Muslim Personal Law Board and other members of the Board were responsible for representing the Muslim community to the late Prime Minister Mr. Rajiv Gandhi and getting the Muslim Women (protection of rights on divorce) Act 1986 passed in Parliament.
When the Muslim Women Act was passed in Parliament, the Maulana made it clear that there should be no victory processions or any other such sort of jubilation.
Many legal experts including an unorthodox and liberal minded senior advocate of Madras High Court Mr. Habeebullah Badsha have appreciated the Act. Mr. Badsha says: "though the Supreme Court judgment was supposed to have been a boon for Muslim women, the majority of the Muslim women criticized it. As a result of this unexpected unity and sentiments of outrage expressed by Muslims, the Parliament passed the Muslim Women (protection of rights on divorce) Act. There was an uproar against this Act and the government was criticized for having yielded to the so called fundamentalists among the Muslims. Time has however proved that the Act has proved more beneficial to Muslim women than Section 125 of the Criminal Procedure Code, because Courts have been awarding heavy amounts of compensation to divorced Muslim women. This relief is not available under Section 125 of the Cr. P.C."
Tamil Nadu Muslims also joined the national mainstream in extending their support, not blindly but based on reason and rationality, to the Muslim Personal Law Board. Many meetings and seminars were held and great Islamic scholars and eminent legal experts like Dr. Tahir Mahmood were invited to address them.
The Tamil Nadu Muslim Graduates Association was in the forefront in ascertaining the Muslim points of view on the subject. A seminar organized by it on "The Rights of Muslim Women" was well attended and highly successful. The papers presented mostly by Muslim women in different walks of life highlighted the undeniable fact that Islam provides enough safe-guards for women.
Mrs. Muthahirunnisa was in the lime light. Not only she took part in various gatherings, but also brought out a book, of course, after sometime, on the importance of Islam.
When the Muslim delegation under the leadership of Maulana Nadwi sahib approached Mr. Rajiv Gandhi and apprised him of the feelings of the Indian Muslims who constitute at least 15% of the Indian population with a rich national and religious heritage, spread among different linguistic and cultural groups, contributing for the betterment of our country in every field of activity and expressed what actually had happened in the Supreme Court and what they wanted as a remedy, he was convinced, he was convinced because of his unbiased thinking capacity and promised to do justice to the Muslim community. He fulfilled his promised like an honest and forthright gentleman, which he definitely was.
We frequently come across remarks made by some people criticizing the Muslim Women's Act 1986 and asking why monthly maintenance is opposed by Muslims. One wonders how can a rational divorced woman demand or accept any "pittance" (maintenance) from her former husband who has already divorced her, particularly when one of the humiliating conditions for giving maintenance is that a divorcee who receives maintenance from her former husband is expected to go to bed with him if he so desires. This is something, to say the least, most undesirable and cannot be tolerated by any respectable woman. It is also against Islamic norms and perhaps against any other religious or social codes.
It is also note-worthy that Shah Bano appealed to the Supreme Court that the verdict be withdrawn because it amounted to interference in the Muslim personal law. There is also reason to believe that the "kanyadan" system of marriage among Hindus is responsible for the thinking that monthly maintenance should be given to the divorced woman by her former husband. In the Muslim society even after marriage a girl's relations with her parents and other relatives are not severed but remains intact as it was before her marriage.
Islam undoubtedly provides enough safe-guards for all including women who enjoy an exalted status in Islam. Only Islam has given an enviable social and dignified position and rights to women.
My question to all those who still harp on the importance of the Shah Bano judgment and consider the Muslim Women Act as a setback to Muslim women even though it has paid rich dividends is: What was it that Shah Bano got from Section 125 Cr. P.C. after a long legal battle of about 10 years and what is it that a Muslim divorcee cannot get under the provisions of the Muslim Women Act 1986?
We Muslims strongly believe that Islam is the solution for all ills of the society.
Friday, February 8, 2019
Wednesday, February 6, 2019
High Court Judgement dt. 31/01/2019 on Poramboke lands
*அரசு புறம்போக்கு நிலங்களுக்கு பொதுமக்களே முதலாளிகள் ஐகோர்ட்டு அதிரடி உத்தரவு*
*அரசு புறம்போக்கு நிலங்களுக்கு பொதுமக்களே முதலாளிகள் என்றும், இந்த நிலங்களை சட்டவிதிகளை பின்பற்றிதான் ஒதுக்கீடு செய்ய முடியும் என்றும் சென்னை ஐகோர்ட்டு உத்தரவிட்டுள்ளது.*
*சென்னை,*
*வேலூர் மாவட்டம், காட்பாடியில் தங்களது கட்டுப்பாட்டில் உள்ள 42 ஏக்கர் அரசு புறம்போக்கு நிலத்தை ஒதுக்கீடு செய்யக்கோரி தமிழக அரசுக்கு, வி.ஐ.டி., பல்கலைக் கழகம் மனு கொடுத்தது.*
*இந்த கோரிக்கையை நிராகரித்த தமிழக அரசு, 'வி.ஐ.டி. பல்கலைக்கழகத்துக்கு ஏற்கனவே அப்பகுதியில் 98 ஏக்கர் நிலம் வழங்கப்பட்டுள்ளது. தற்போது விளையாட்டை ஊக்குவிப்பதற்காக வேலூரில் பன்னோக்கு விளையாட்டு அரங்கம் அமைப்பதற்காக, இந்த 42 ஏக்கர் நிலமும் மாநில விளையாட்டு மேம்பாட்டு ஆணையத்துக்கு வழங்கப்பட்டுள்ளது' என்று கூறியது.*
*இதை எதிர்த்து சென்னை ஐகோர்ட்டில், அந்த பல்கலைக்கழகம் சார்பில் வழக்கு தொடர்ந்தது. வழக்கை நீதிபதி எஸ்.எம்.சுப்பிரமணியம் விசாரித்தார். பின்னர், நீதிபதி பிறப்பித்த உத்தரவில் கூறியிருப்பதாவது:-*
*மேலும், மாநிலம் முழுவதும் அரசு புறம்போக்கு நிலங்களுக்கான நில ஒதுக்கீட்டை மறுஆய்வு செய்யவேண்டும். அதில் ஏதேனும் முறைகேடுகள் இருந்தால் அந்த ஒதுக் கீட்டை ரத்து செய்து, நிலத்தை பொது பயன்பாட்டுக்கு கொண்டு வரவேண்டும்.*
*இதுதொடர்பாக அனைத்து மாவட்ட கலெக்டர்களுக்கும் சுற்றறிக்கை அனுப்பி, இந்த உத்தரவை அமல்படுத்தியது தொடர்பாக தமிழக அரசு மார்ச் 4-ந்தேதிக்குள் அறிக்கை தாக்கல் செய்யவேண்டும்.*
*அரசு புறம்போக்கு நிலத்துக்கு சொந்தம் கொண்டாடி தங்களுக்கு ஒதுக்கீடு செய்துதர வேண்டுமென தனியார் கல்வி நிறுவனங்கள் உரிமையாக கோர முடியாது. அதேபோல அரசும் தனது இஷ்டம்போல புறம்போக்கு நிலங்களை தனியாருக்கு தாரை வார்த்து கொடுக்க அதிகாரம் கிடையாது. புறம்போக்கு நிலங்களுக்கு பொதுமக்கள்தான் முதலாளிகள். சட்டவிதிகளுக்கு உட்பட்டே புறம்போக்கு நிலங்களை ஒதுக்கீடு செய்ய முடியும்.*
*அரசு எடுக்கும் கொள்கை முடிவுகள் பொதுமக்கள் நலனுக்கு எதிராக இருந்தால் அவை அரசியல் சாசனத்துக்கு எதிரானதாகத்தான் கருத முடியும். அதில் நீதிமன்றம் தலையிட முடியும்.*
*ஏழை மக்கள் வாழ்வாதாரத்துக்காக சொற்ப அளவில் புறம்போக்கு நிலங்களை ஆக்கிரமித்தால், அவர்களை அப்புறப்படுத்தி, அந்த நிலத்தை மீட்க அதிரடி நடவடிக்கையில் அரசு இறங்குகிறது. அதேநேரம், வணிக நோக்கில் செயல்படும் பெரிய நிறுவனங்கள் ஏக்கர் கணக்கில், அரசு நிலங்களை ஆக்கிரமிக்கும்போது கண்டுகொள்ளாதது ஏன்? என்பது புரியாத புதிராக உள்ளது.*
*எனவே அரசு நிலங்களை பாரபட்சமும் இல்லாமல் ஒதுக்கீடு செய்யும் வகையில் புதிய விதிகளை வகுக்கவேண்டும். வி.ஐ.டி. பல்கலைக்கழகம் தாக்கல் செய்துள்ள இந்த வழக்கை தள்ளுபடி செய்கிறேன். இவ்வாறு நீதிபதி உத்தரவிட்டுள்ளார்.*
Tuesday, February 5, 2019
Sharia Counselling Centre - One day workshop
One day workshop is being organised in Chennai by All India Muslim Personal Law Board on Darul Qaza -Shariah Counselling Centre on Tuesday,12th February 2019 at Haj House, Choolai, Chennai - 112Great Islamic scholars, lawyers, social activists, reformers and others are to participate in the Meet and find ways and means to resolve problems plaguing our community particularly in matrimonial matters.It is learnt that the Meet will be presided over by Maulana Kaka Sayeed Ahmed Omeri saheb and Chief Guest will be industrialist Janab M. Mohammed Hashim saheb. It is convened by Janab Mohammed Ashraf saheb, AIMPLB, Tamil Nadu.Programme Schedule:First session10 am to 11 amMaulana Atheeq Bastavi saheb, Head Organisor of Darul Qaza Committee AIMPLB and Professor of Darul Uloom Nadwathul Ulama, Lucknow will explain the necessity and importance Darul Qaza -Shariah Counselling Centre.11am - 12 noonMoulana Tabrez Alam saheb, Coordinator Darul Qaza Committee AIMPLB Delhi will speak on "how to set up a Darul Qaza-Shariah Counselling Centre & run it."12noon - 1pmMoulana Qazi Wasi Ahmed saheb, Deputy Qazi of Bihar, Orissa and Jharkand Darul Qaza of AIMPLB will speak on "how to handle & resolve issues."1pm to 1:45pm:Renowned Ulamas ,Muftis and Qazis of Tamil Nadu will address the gathering.1:45pm to 3pm:Zohar salah and lunch breakSecond session:3 pm-4:30 pm exclusive only for womenDr. Asma Zehra, Ex.Committee Member & National Convenor of Women's Wing, AIMPLB Hyderabad will speak on "Muslim Women's Responsibilities towards Home & Society"Janaba Faqhira Ateeq saheba and Janaba Fathima Muzaffer saheba, Members AIMPLB will coordinate this session.4:30 pm - 5pm:Asar Salah & teaThird Session:5pm- 6:15 pmQuestion and Answer session- Interaction / discussion with Islamic scholars.6:15 pm to 6:45 pm : Magrib salahFourth session:6:45 pm to 9pmTwo parallel sessions:1) For Ulemas & Qazis2) For Lawyers & ladies Presided byJustice Akbar Ali Saheb, former Judge, Madras High Court.Key note address by Advocate Janab Imar Shamshad Saheb, Advocate on record Supreme Court of India & Member AIMPLB.9 pm : Isha salah & dinnerCounsellors, Social Activists and Lawyers are most welcome.Separate arrangements are made for ladies.Seats are limited for ladies. They are requested to register their names with the following Co-convenorsMrs.Parveen Papa9840020555Mrs. Shenaz Currimbhoy98410 78015Mrs. Arshiya Irfan99404 21775Mrs. Fathima Muzaffer9941837786Mrs. Fakhira Ateeque99525 06216
A good lesson ..
ایک بار جناب بہلول کسی نخلستان میں تشریف رکھتے تھے - ایک تاجر کا وھاں سے گذر ھوا --- وہ آپ کے پاس آیا اور سلام کر کے مودب سامنے بیٹھ گیا اور انتہائی ادب سے گذارش کی.. " حضور ! تجارت کی کونسی ایسی جنس خریدوں جس میں بہت نفع ھو.. "
جناب بہلول نےفرمایا.. " کالا کپڑا لے لو.. "
تاجر نے شکریہ ادا کیا اور الٹے قدموں چلتا واپس چلاگیا.. جا کر اس نے علاقے میں دستیاب تمام سیاہ کپڑا خرید لیا..
کچھ دنوں بعد شہر کا بہت بڑا آدمی انتقال کر گیا.. ماتمی لباس کے لئے سارا شہر سیاہ کپڑے کی تلاش میں نکل کھڑا ھوا.. اب کپڑا سارا اس تاجر کے پاس ذخیرہ تھا.. اس نے مونہہ مانگے داموں فروخت کیا اور اتنا نفع کمایا جتنا ساری زندگی نہ کمایا تھا اور بہت ھی امیر کبیر ھو گیا..
کچھ عرصے بعد وہ گھوڑے پر سوار کہیں سے گذرا.. جناب بہلول وھاں تشریف رکھتے تھے.. وہ وہیں گھوڑے پر بیٹھے بولا.. " او دیوانے ! اب کی بار کیا لوں.. ؟"
بہلول نے فرمایا.. " تربوز لے لو.. "
وہ بھاگا بھاگا گیا اور ساری دولت سے پورے ملک سے تربوز خرید لئے.. ایک ہی ہفتے میں سب خراب ہو گئے اور وہ کوڑی کوڑی کو محتاج ہو گیا..
اسی خستہ حالی میں گھومتے پھرتے اس کی ملاقات جناب بہلول سے ھوگئی تو اس نے کہا.. " یہ آپ نے میرے ساتھ کیا کِیا..? "
جناب بہلول نے فرمایا.. " میں نے نہیں ' تیرے لہجوں اور الفاظ نے سب کیا.. جب تونے ادب سے پوچھا تو مالا مال ہوگیا.. اور جب گستاخی کی تو کنگال ہو گیا.. "
*اس کو کہتے ہیں...*
*باادب با نصیب.. بے ادب بے نصیب..!*
Monday, February 4, 2019
Condolence Meeting on 05 02 2019 at Tamil Nadu Haj Service S
அஸ்ஸலாமுஅலைக்கும்இரங்கல் கூட்டம் அறிவிப்பு.---------------------------------ஷைகுல்ஹதீஸ் மௌலானா முஹம்மது யாக்கூப் சாஹிப் ரஹ்மத்துல்லாஹி அவர்களின் நினைவேந்தல் கூட்டம்இன்ஷா அல்லாஹ்இடம்: ஹஜ் ஹவுஸ், சூளை , சென்னை.நாள்: 05/02/19.செவ்வாய்க்கிழமை.நேரம்: மாலை , அஸர் தொழுகைக்கு பின் இஷா வரை.-------------------------------தலைமை:மௌலானா அப்துல்மஜீத் பாகவி, முதல்வர்,மதரஸா காஷிபுல் ஹூதா,நினைவேந்தல் உரை:முப்தி உஸ்மான் முஹய்யதீன்,முதல்வர்,அல் பாகியாதுஸ் ஸாலிஹாத் அரபிக் கல்லூரி, வேலூர்.மற்றும்உலமா பெருமக்கள்.----------------------------------------நிகழ்ச்சி ஏற்பாட்டாளர்கள்.நிர்வாக கமிட்டி, மதரஸா காஷிபுல் ஹூதா,ஜம்இயத்துல் உலமா ஹிந்த்,தமிழ்நாடு ஹஜ் சர்வீஸ் சொசைட்டி.--------------------------------------அனைவரும் கலந்து பயன் பெறுக.
Sunday, February 3, 2019
Divorce Bill given up..
Alhamdulillah with the best efforts of the Muslim Personal Law Board, the Triple Talaq bill passed in the Lok Sabha has been abandoned and will not be presented in the Rajya Sabha.
The opposition parties particularly the Congress, the DMK, the ADMK, the Trinamul Congress, the Communist parties and others opposed this ill thought of divorce bill and supported the stand taken by the Indian Muslim community.
Muslim women in lakhs protested the government initiative to bring in changes in the Muslim personal law by peacefully agitating and arranging signature campaigns.
No doubt finally the government had to bow to the voice of the people and given up the bill.
While thanking the government for respecting the views of the opposition, we request it not to interfere in the Muslim personal law and not to ignore the Muslim personal law board which is a representative body of all sections of the Muslim community.
V. M. Khaleelur Rahman
Maulana Hafiz Md. Yaqoob sahib is no more
இன்னா லில்லாஹி வ இன்னா இலைஹி ராஜிஊன்மத்ரஸா காஷிஃபுல் ஹுதாவின் முதல்வரும்தாருல் உலூம் தேவ்பந்தின் சூரா உறுப்பினரும்தமிழ்நாடு அமீரே ஷரீஅத்துமானகண்ணியம் நிறைந்த ஆலிம்ஆயிரக்கணக்கான ஆலிம் களின் ஆசிரியத்தந்தைஆன்மீக குருசிஷ்தியா தரீகா வின் கலீஃபாமௌலானா மௌலவி ஹாஃபிழ் முஹம்மது யஃகூப் காஸிமிநவ்வரல்லாஹு மர்கதஹுஅவர்களின் வாழ்க்கை சுருக்கம்*1934 ல் மேல்விஷாரத்தில் முஹம்மது இஸ்மாயில் சாஹிப் மர்யம் பீவி* அவர்களுக்கு *இரண்டாவது மகனாக* பிறந்தார்கள் ஆரம்ப கல்வி மேல் விஷாரத்தில் பயின்று அன்றைய sslc... puc படிப்பில் *மாவட்ட முதல் மாணவராக* தேர்ச்சிபெற்றார்கள்*முன்ஷி அல்லா தத்தா அல்லா வாலா இறை நேசர் (ரஹ்)* அவர்கள் விஷாரத்திற்கு வந்த போது ஹலரத் அவர்கள் உடனிருந்தார்கள்தான் உண்ட உணவின் மீதம் ஹலரத் திற்குபரக்கத்தாக வழங்குவார்கள்தன்னுடன் சென்னை வரை அழைத்து வந்தார்கள்டெல்லி க்கு வரச் சொன்னார்கள்4 மாதம் ஜமாத்தில் சென்றார்கள் *முழுதமிழகத்தில்3சில்லா முடித்தவர்களில் நானும் ஒருவன்*என்று ஹலரத் அவர்களே கூறுவார்கள் *ஷபீலுர்ரஷாத் நய்யர் ரப்பானி* அவர்களுடன் ஜமாஅத்தில் சென்றார்கள்*மர்கஸ் நிஜாமுதீனில்* இருந்து *மௌலானா ஹுஸைன் அஹ்மத் மதனீ (ரஹ்)* அவர்களை கான தேவ்பந்த் சென்றார்கள்வெளியூர் சென்று இருந்ததால் அவர்கள் மகனார் *மௌலானா அஸ்அத் மதனீ* இடம் முகவரி தந்து கடிதம் போட சொன்னார்கள்கடிதம் வந்த பின் பார்க்க சென்றார்கள்ஆலிம் கல்வியை *விஷாரத்தில் ஹிதாயத் நஹூ* வரை ஓதி *பாகியாத்தில் 5 ஜும்ரா* வரை ஓதி*தேவ்பந்த் சர்வ கலா சாலையில் 3 வருடம்* கல்வி பயின்றார்கள்கல்வி பயின்ற பின் *சைகுல் ஹதீஸ் ஜக்கரியா(ரஹ்) அவர்களின் *காதிமாக*கடிதம் எழுதும் *காதிபாக* 2 வருடம் இருந்தார்கள்தேவ்பந்த் க்கு ஓதவரும்போது மதனீ ரஹ் வஃபாத் ஆனார்கள்பின்பு *தானா பவனில்* 2 வருடம் அதன்பின் *பெங்களூர் ஷபீலுர்ரஷாத் மத்ரஸா வில்* 6 வருடம் *சேலம் மத்ரஸாவில்10 வருடம்* *பாக்கியாத்தில்* 12 வருடம் *காயங்குளத்தில் ஒன்னரை வருடம்* அதன்பின் *1984 முதல் மத்ரஸா காஷிஃபுல் ஹுதாவின் முதல்வராக* இருந்து இன்று காலை அல்லாஹ் வின் அழைப்பை ஏற்று *தாருல் ஃபனா அழியும் உலகை விட்டு தாருல் பகா அழியா உலகின் பக்கம்* சென்றார்கள்அன்னாரின் மறு உலகப் பயணம் இறை பொருத்தம் பெற்ற ஸாலிஹீன்கள் ஷுஹதாக்கள் கூட்டத்தில் ஆக்கி அருள துஆ செய்யுமாறு கேட்டுக் கொள்கிறோம்ஹலரத் அவர்களின் மாணவர்கள்
Friday, February 1, 2019
Chennai Leather Market - February 2019
CHENNAI
LEATHER MARKET
V M Khaleelur
Rahman
Activities are normal in the Chennai leather market.
Leading exporters of leather and leather products continue to buy some
quantities in tanned goat skins as usual in 5/8 sq. ft. Run at prices ranging
from Rs.100 to 105 and V/IF/LIF combined at around Rs.65 and 4/6 sq. ft. in the
same description at around Rs.55 per sq. ft.
Tanned goat 4/6 sq. ft. Suede fetches Rs.38 and 4/6
Lining Rs.34 and 5/7 sq. ft. Lining Rs.37 per sq. ft. Local items Rejection and
Langda were sold at around Rs.13 and 9 per sq. ft. respectively. There seems to
be slightly higher demand in these items from North Indian buyers. But these are
not regularly moving.
There is very little demand for sheep skins. In places
like Vaniyambadi some business might have taken place but no report is
available.
It seems the whole leather market is managed by a few bold
tanners and exporters facing all difficulties with the hope that things will
change for better.
In the raw skin centres throughout the country prices of
goat skins are very erratic ranging from Rs.30 to 80 depending on size, quality
and selection. There is no demand at all for lower selections. Good quality raw
sheep skins Potla and Mendi are sold at around Rs.90 and 40 per piece in
centres like Dharwad and Hubli.
Export Business
Patchy business has taken place in goat upper and lining
leathers at around the usual prices of US $2.30 and 1.75 per sq. ft.
respectively. There seems to be no big contract. The reports of big exporters
are not available.
Quotations of
Tanners
E.I. Tanned Goat Skins
Grain Selection:
4/6 sq. ft. Run Rs.95, V/IF/LIF Rs.60
Suede Selection:
4/6 sq. ft. Rs.40
Lining Selection:
4/6 sq. ft. Rs.35 and 5/8 sq. ft. Rs.39
Quotations of
Exporters
F/C sheep leather
4/6 sq. ft. All Suede JY 180, LIF Suede JY 145 and
Rejection Suede JY 95
5/7 sq. ft. All Suede JY 190, LIF Suede JY 155 and
Rejection Suede JY 105
S/C OR F/C GOAT LEATHER
Material
|
Size/sq. ft.
|
Substance
|
Selection
|
Price US$ per sq. ft. C&F
|
Goat upper leather
|
4/7
|
0.6/0.8 mm
|
ABC
|
2.30
|
Goat milled leather
|
4/7
|
0.6/0.8 mm
|
TR-1
|
1.75
|
Goat suede leather
|
4/7
|
0.6/0.8 mm
|
All Suede
|
1.95
|
Goat lining leather
|
4/7
|
0.5/0.7 mm
|
TR-1/2/3
|
1.70/1.60/1.50
|
Goat lining leather
|
5/8
|
0.6/0.8 mm
|
TR-1/2/3
|
1.80/1.70/1.60
|
F/C SHEEP
LEATHER
Material
|
Size/sq. ft.
|
Substance
|
Selection
|
Price US$ per sq. ft. C&F
|
Sheep cabretta leather
|
4/7
|
0.6/0.8
|
ABC
|
2.05
|
Sheep cabretta leather
|
6/9
|
0.8/1.0
|
ABC
|
2.25
|
Sheep lining
leather
|
4/7
5/8
|
0.5/0.7
0.6/0.8
|
TR-1
TR-1
|
1.75
1.85
|
INCEASE IN
EXPORTS
Though passing through a difficult period, the leather
industry has showed an increase of 3.78% in its exports of leather and leather
products from Rs.33,900 crore in 2017 to Rs.35,181 crore in 2018 calendar year
.
In a press statement, Mr. M. Rafeeque Ahmed, President,
All India Skin and Hide Tanners and Merchants Association (AISHTMA) has said
that due to the ongoing trade war between the U.S and China, overseas buyers
have started looking for alternative sources and India will benefit from it. He
expected a $ 1.5 billion volume of business for India, particularly at the
present time when Indian shoe makers are concentrating in casual shoes for
which there is already an increased demand. India has to catch this trend
although it requires huge investment.
(Writer’s e-mail id: vmk1234@yahoo.com)
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